The“AI Metaverse”specifi cally refers to an intelligent interactive sand table environment built on the digital twin concept, driven by multi-agent systems, and designed for interdisciplinary project-based learning. Aiming at the challenges in the thematic teaching of Yellow River Course Changes, including high knowledge barriers, wide spatiotemporal span, and diffi culty in deepening students' thinking, this study designs an interdisciplinary project-based learning scheme centered on the“Yellow River Spatiotemporal Sand Table”, guided by the concept of the“Digital Twin Yellow River”and the orientation of core geography competencies. This scheme can eff ectively realize the visualization of abstract knowledge and the contextualization of discrete historical materials, systematically guide students to carry out higher-order thinking activities, eff ectively cultivate students’geographical key competences, and provide a replicable practical paradigm for the in-depth integration of AI metaverse technology and geography teaching.