The 2022 Version of National Geography Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education emphasizes Geographical Key Competences and advocates creating real scenarios to promote meaningful learning. In response to the current challenges in junior high school geography context teaching, such as unconnected scenarios, insufficient depth of students' exploration, and lack of a sense of personal experience, this study constructed an evaluation index system for contexts from five dimensions: authenticity, practicality, initiative, exploration and subjectivity. Based on this, a teaching model of junior high school geography situation oriented by Geographical Key Competences was proposed, clarifying the intrinsic connections between the context, problem chains, knowledge points and Geographical Key Competences. Based on this, a lesson plan was designed using "contour topographic maps" as an example. By optimizing the implementation strategies of the context, the coherence of the context and the depth of exploration were ensured, aiming to provide a reference for the eff ective implementation of Geographical Key Competences.