Classroom teaching evaluation is an important way to implement the cultivation of core literacy in geography. This study optimizes the Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol (RTOP), originally developed in the United States, by constructing a simplified RTOP consisting of 3 primary dimensions, 5 secondary dimensions, and 20 observation points. Based on the simplifi ed RTOP, the classroom teaching of the lesson “The Evolution of the Earth” in senior one geography is evaluated. The results show that the simplified RTOP has high overall reliability and validity. A total of 21 Master of Education students and 3 high school geography teachers gave a comprehensive score to this lesson, which is higher than the norm score. The dimension of classroom culture scored the highest, refl ecting the new curriculum concept. Future eff orts may further integrate evaluation tools with the disciplinary characteristics of geography, strengthen the guiding role of evaluation in instruction, build an evaluation community, create a new ecosystem for classroom evaluation, and improve the quality of high school geography teaching.