本文针对《义务教育地理课程标准 日常修订版（2022年版2025年修订）》强调实践能力的导向，以“板块运动”为主题，设计了一套适用于初中地理教学的模拟实验方案。该方案通过三个循序渐进的模拟实验（板块漂浮实验、板块碰撞与分离实验、板块内部稳定性实验），帮助学生理解板块构造学说的基本观点、板块运动形式及其对地表形态的影响。实验设计注重动手操作、观察记录和迁移应用，并融入表现性评价体系，从用中学、做中学、创中学、合作表现和成果收获五个维度评估学生表现。这些实验器材简易、操作方便，符合课标要求，能有效提升学生的地理实践力和科学素养。

In response to the emphasis on practical abilities in the "Compulsory Education Geography Curriculum Standard Daily Revision(2022 Edition, 2025 Revision)", this paper designs a set of simulation experiment plans suitable for junior high school geography teaching, focusing on the theme of “plate movement”. Through three progressive simulation experiments (including plate fl oating experiments, plate collision and separation experiments, and plate interior stability experiments), students are helped to intuitively understand the basic concepts of plate tectonic theory, the forms of plate movement, and their impact on surface features, such as mountain formation and the distribution of volcanic and seismic zones. The experimental design emphasizes hands-on operation, observation and recording, as well as application and transfer of knowledge. It also incorporates a performance-based evaluation system to assess student performance across fi ve dimensions: learning through application, learning by doing, learning through creativity, collaborative performance, and outcome achievement. These experiments utilize simple equipment, are easy to operate, align with the requirements of the curriculum standards, and eff ectively enhance students' geographical practical ability and scientifi c literacy.