本文以建构主义学习理论为指导，设计“模拟云的形成”跨学科实验项目，通过凝结核筛选、水汽热力学控制和制冷源优化三组对照实验，引导初中生自主建构大气物理概念。实验创新采用生活化材料替代专业设备，结合重庆本土气象问题深化地理实践力培养。进阶式实验设计显著提升学生变量控制能力，情境迁移使学生能解释城市云雾日数差异成因，反思性会话促进学生对科学本质理解。提出的“CLOUDS”实验教学模式，为突破大气科学教学瓶颈提供可复制的教学路径。

Guided by the constructivist learning theory, this paper designs an interdisciplinary experimental project titled Simulating Cloud Formation. Through three sets of controlled experiments—condensation nucleus screening, water vapor thermodynamic control, and refrigeration source optimization—junior high school students are guided to independently construct the concepts of atmospheric physics. The experiment innovatively replaces professional equipment with dailylife materials and integrates local meteorological issues in Chongqing to enhance the cultivation of geographic practical competence. The progressive experimental design significantly improves students’ability to control variables; situational transfer enables them to explain the causes of differences in urban fog and cloud days; and reflective dialogue promotes students’understanding of the nature of science. The proposed“CLOUDS”experimental teaching model provides a replicable teaching approach to break through the bottlenecks in atmospheric science education.