问题式教学是培育地理课程核心素养的有效方式。本文以典型案例阿斯旺大坝为载体，设计“为何要建大坝—大坝的利与弊—大坝未来发展”的进阶式问题式教学方案，引导学生系统、动态和辩证地看待大坝的利与弊，深化对人地协调观的理解，有助于学生形成尊重、顺应和保护自然的意识，树立绿色发展等观念。

Problem-based learning is an effective way to cultivate geographical key competences. Taking the classic case of the Aswan Dam, this paper designs a progressive problem-based learning plan, "Why Build a Dam — The Advantages and Disadvantages of Dams — The Future Development of Dams" to guide students in examining the advantages and disadvantages of dams in a systematic, dynamic, and dialectical approach, thereby deepening their understanding of the human-environment relationship. This approach helps students develop an awareness of respecting, adapting to, and protecting nature, and fosters concepts such as green development.