高中地理以物质循环、能量流动为基础，探讨人地关系。模型建构能力是新高考地理考查的关键能力，也是落实地理学科核心素养的重要抓手。针对当前高中地理教学中学生机械套用模型、理论与实践脱节以及面对陌生情境难以自主建模的问题，本文从地理学联系的学科本质出发，提出基于地理联系的模型建构方法。并结合北京新高考真题与高中地理教学实践案例，通过引导学生拆解地理要素、识别关联路径、结合真实情境自主重构模型，验证了该方法的实践有效性。

High school geography explores human-environment relationships based on material cycles and energy flows. The ability to construct models is a key competency assessed in the new college entrance examination (Gaokao) geography test, and also a crucial approach to cultivating core geographical literacy. Addressing current issues in high school geography teaching—such as students mechanically applying models, disconnection between theory and practice, and difficulty in independently building models when facing unfamiliar contexts—this paper proposes a model-building method grounded in the interdisciplinary nature of geography. Drawing on actual Beijing’s new college entrance examination questions and practical teaching cases, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach by guiding students to deconstruct geographical elements, identify connection pathways, and autonomously reconstruct models within real-world contexts.