在明清地理知识的交汇中，学者常借助中外地图对西南地区的河流水系进行考证。然而，由于对地图内容的盲目信任，部分错误的认知在中国古代文献中长期延续和流传。以“嘉湖”和“雅鲁藏布江即大金沙江”的认知为例，古地图在为地理空间信息提供直观参照的同时，亦掺杂着绘图者的主观想象与文化误读。因此，在地理考证的过程中应用地图，必须结合文献互证，将地图置于知识生成与传播的脉络中加以批判性审视，才能避免陷入“图史脱节”的误区。

In the intersection of Chinese and foreign geographical knowledge during the Ming and Qing dynasties, scholars often referred to both Chinese and foreign maps to verify the river systems of the southwest region. However, blind trust in the content of these maps led to the long-term continuation and dissemination of some incorrect understandings in ancient Chinese literature. Taking the perceptions of “Jiahu” and “The Yarlung Zangbo River is the same as the Dajinsha River” as examples, ancient maps provided intuitive references for geographical spatial information, but they also incorporated the mapmakers’ subjective imagination and cultural misinterpretations. Therefore, when using maps in geographical verifi cation, it is necessary to cross-check them with textual sources and critically examine them within the context of knowledge production and transmission, in order to avoid the pitfall of disconnecting cartography from historical reality.