在新高考视域下，江苏卷“天气系统”专题的考查在传承中不断创新，其以地理必备知识为依托，通过创设新情境实现对学生关键能力与地理学科核心素养的考查。本文以此考点为研究载体，从地理新概念、地理时空过程、地理区域联系三大维度，剖析该专题对必备知识的考查逻辑，同时提炼出构建学科概念体系、关注时空过程、强化区域关联等素养培育路径。

Against the backdrop of the new College Entrance Examination reform, the assessment of the "Weather Systems" topic in the Jiangsu College Entrance Examination has been continuously innovated while upholding its inherent traditions. Centered on essential geographical knowledge, the examination evaluates students’ Geographical Key Competences by constructing innovative situational contexts. Taking this examination content as the research object, this paper analyzes the examination logic of essential knowledge from three dimensions: new geographical concepts, spatiotemporal processes, and regional geographical connections. Meanwhile, it summarizes the cultivation paths of core literacy, including constructing a systematic conceptual framework, focusing on the analysis of spatiotemporal processes, and enhancing regional relevance.