地理结构与地理功能具有辩证统一的逻辑关联，具体表现为“区别—分化”的分异规律、“联系—制约”的统一规律与“作用—反馈”的互馈规律。地理教师可立足二者逻辑关联，运用对比法解析“同构异功”、借助模拟法探究“同功异构”、融入类比法阐释“同构同功”以及依托优化法实现“协同演进”，同时兼顾学科思想培育、学段梯度衔接和实践活动实施等教学注意事项，以此助力学生实现地理思维素养与地理行动能力的协同发展。

Geographical structure and geographical function are dialectically unified in logical connection, which is specifi cally embodied in the diff erentiation law of“distinction-diff erentiation”, the unity law of“connection-restriction”, and the mutual feedback law of“action-feedback”. Based on the logical connection between the two, geography teachers can apply the comparative method to analyze“same structure with different functions”, adopt the simulation method to explore“same function with different structures”, integrate the analogical method to interpret“same structure with identical functions”, and rely on the optimization method to achieve“collaborative evolution”. Meanwhile, teachers should attend to teaching precautions including the cultivation of disciplinary thinking, gradient articulation of learning stages, and implementation of practical activities, so as to help students realize the coordinated development of their geographical thinking literacy and geographical action ability.